Abstract (eng)
After an explanation of the method of Schelling's philosophy, the study is divided into a part on the religious dimension of the unconscious and a part on the unconscious dimension of religion in Schelling's work. In the first part, the stages of transcendental-historical becoming conscious are first presented within the framework of the „System of Transcendental Idealism“, thus providing a first religious conception of the unconscious in Schelling. From there, the religious unconscious is illuminated in the „Philosophy of Art“ by means of Schelling's theory of imagination and fantasy as symbolic gods of mythology. The extent to which the unconscious functions as the ground of God's and man's freedom and is therefore religiously conceived is traced with the transition from Schelling's philosophy of identity to the philosophy of freedom and ages of the world. This transition is clarified with the question of a difference in the identity-philosophical conception of the absolute consciousness of God, from which the possibility of the human unconscious is interpreted by the theorem of apostasy in „Philosophy and Religion“. The resulting principles of the personality of God and man are discussed with the dynamic distinction of reason and existence, as well as desire and understanding in the context of the „Freedom essay“ in order to extract Schelling's theory of the free and creative personality. The ensuing anthropological consequences and Schelling's construction of the human psychology of the religious unconscious are elucidated with the „Stuttgart Lectures“ and the doctrine of potencies beginning therein. Starting from this, the comprehensive presentation of the dynamics of the potencies in the texts of the „Ages of the World“ is interpreted as a mutual connection of the unconscious and the conscious in God. This connection is presented as a theogonic drama of the historical personality of the Creator, from which a cosmogonic preview of the mythology of Schelling's later works emerges. In the second part of the study on the unconscious dimension of the religious the conception of the religious unconscious in Schelling, founded in the personality of God, is used to present the significance of this moment for man. Thus, the unconscious monotheism and the unconscious God-positing nature of man are presented as the precondition of the process of mythology in the „Philosophy of Mythology“. The consequent significance of the unconscious for Schelling's history of religion is interpreted in tracing the theogonic process of mythology. The stages of polytheism as a consequence of the becoming conscious of unconscious and necessary ideas, which dominate man as gods, are illuminated by following Schelling's explanation of mythology thereby showing how god figures emerge from specific dynamics of the unconscious. The liberating ideas generated at the end of the process of becoming conscious, found within the framework of Schelling's doctrine of the mysteries, are interpreted as the foundation for revelation. Schelling's „Philosophy of Revelation“ is consequently presented as an exposition of the reality of the saving personality. This is elucidated in tracing Schelling's christological reflections as the content of revelation, and the extent to which Schelling's concept of the Trinity can be interpreted as the concept of the previously unconscious monotheism having become conscious. Finally, the freedom of the Spirit is interpreted as the ground and content of the revelation of love through the personality of Christ in his birth, life, death, and resurrection. Thus the previous process of historically becoming conscious becomes retroactively apparent as God's way with man as history of personality.