Abstract (eng)
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to strict measures in many countries, including Austria, to contain the spread of the virus. These measures had an impact on people's eating habits, consumption, and physical activity. Method: In this study, the dietary behavior of 335 Austrian individuals aged 19-64 was examined after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was distributed through social media and filled out between May 6th and July 2nd, 2023. The aim was to determine how dietary behavior changed during the pandemic and which behavioral changes were maintained even after the pandemic. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the dietary and exercise behavior of the Austrian sample. During the pandemic, 67% were able to maintain increased fruit consumption and 82% maintained increased vegetable consumption until the current survey. Fish consumption remained largely unchanged, while meat consumption (78%; N=83) and fast food consumption (66%; N=110) were reduced during the pandemic and maintained until the current survey. Alcohol consumption was both increased and decreased, and one-third of participants have maintained these changes. Meals at home increased during the pandemic, while eating out decreased. At the same time, the use of delivery services increased despite a high frequency of cooking at home. Currently, one-third of respondents are more physically active than before the pandemic, and more than half meet the WHO recommendations for physical activity. Approximately half of the participants are overweight or obese, and about one-third perceived weight gain during the pandemic. Summary: The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic had both favorable and unfavorable effects on dietary and exercise habits, with some behaviors increasing the long-term risk of obesity.